Blame It On Brooklyn
Monday, May 25, 2026
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Saturday, April 25, 2026
Managing Artificial Intelligence in the Workplace
Managing Artificial Intelligence in the Workplace
Steven B. Zwickel
April, 2026
Last year I was invited to give a presentation based on the Communication-Based Model of Leadership I created {See <https://stevenbzwickel.blogspot.com/search?q=leadership>}
I have done this presentation many times since I created it almost 20 years ago and I realized that it needed to be updated and refreshed before I presented it in 2026. The world has changed and my presentation needed to reflect those changes.
I decided that I needed to add a section about being a leader in a world where people don’t feel safe. I have written about the importance of feeling safe before {See “It’s Better to Be Safe” August, 2020 <https://stevenbzwickel.blogspot.com/search?q=safety>} so it seemed logical to include ideas about what leaders can do to help people in the workplace feel safer in my presentation.
Then I realized that a major source of anxiety and fear nowadays seems to be coming from Artificial Intelligence (AI). It seems everywhere you look there are articles about AI and how (A) it will make life easier, (B) it is taking away people’s jobs, (C) it is making people stupid, or (D) it will end civilization as we know it, which may, or may not, be true.
All of these seem to add up to a major change in the workplace: AI makes people feel unsafe because they fear losing their job security, their privacy, their right to fair treatment, and their ability to trust the reality they see online.
I decided to add a section to my presentation about dealing with AI in the workplace. This blog entry summarizes what I told my audience what I think leaders (supervisors, managers, bosses—anyone in charge of other people) need to think about.
To start with, I told my audience that you can’t keep people from being afraid. You can reassure them that you will do what you can to help with job security, privacy, right to fair treatment. Dealing with the other psychological/emotional impacts of AI may require major lifestyle changes (such as reducing/eliminating use of phone and social media—which often make people feel insecure about who they are, what they do, where they live, etc. because that is how advertisers get people to buy goods and services.
I explained that as near as anyone can tell AI is here to stay and that it will continue to cause problems. Although it is “easy to use” it can be a struggle to get useful responses from a chatbot. I consider myself good at framing questions so I get usable answers—the result of going through law school and graduate work in social work. But I have also struggled to get a reliable response from a chatbot, so I know that AI can be a real waste of time.
I also know that AI sometimes hallucinates—it comes up with bad responses and false information. This can lead to a loss of the writer’s credibility, as in recent cases where attorneys were disciplined for citing legal precedents that didn’t exist. It can also lead to an organization making bad business decisions, which can result in wasting time and losing money.
I am a realist, so I know AI is not going away; we are going to have to learn to live with it. {I have no hope that our government will ever come up with a plan for regulating or controlling AI, so there is no point in waiting for legislation to make our lives safer}.
That means that leaders must now consider how to adjust to the reality of AI. If they do nothing, workers will continue to waste time trying to get useful answers, the company will continue to be at risk of losing money due to bad business decisions, and the organization may lose credibility if there are errors and misinformation in what it distributes.
Like it or not, use of AI in the workplace is inevitable, so let me suggest ways an organization might approach these problems.
I believe organizations must have a policy regarding the use of AI. I realize that this technology is brand new and no one knows what it will become, but if you don’t have a policy in place, people will not know what is considered acceptable. Start with a policy and revise it as AI use evolves.
Insist that anyone in the organization using AI must disclose that they did so. The rule ought to be “If you put your name on it, it better be yours, but if you used AI, you need to make that clear”. Call me old fashioned, but I think that people ought not to get credit for someone, or something, else’s work.
Train people to use AI efficiently. The most important skill for using AI efficiently is knowing how to ask a question {prompt} to get a usable answer. Of course, different types of questions will yield different answers, so people need to learn to frame questions properly. Of course, training costs money; the company won’t like this! And training takes time and effort; no one will like this!
Users of AI must conduct due diligence. Chatbots hallucinate! That means that all sources must be checked for validity. To protect the organization from lawsuits, the use of patented/copyrighted material must be noted and AI users should be prepared to answer questions about all the sources. The danger of not doing so is that relying on misinformation could cost a company a lot of money.
Saturday, March 7, 2026
Stupid People do Stupid Things
Stupid People do Stupid Things
"Stupid people do stupid things" is kind of obvious. Even when they fail, they may continue to do stupid things, not realizing that what they are doing doesn't work, but that's what you'd expect from stupid people, so it's no surprise.
What surprises me, though, is when smart people do really stupid things.
Some examples I have seen otherwise clever people do:
#2 "innovated" and ran a successful, family-owned business into the ground, and
#3 disregarded the advice of an attorney [who charged them a lot] so they lost their house, their jobs, and their savings.
Why does this happen?
I think smart folks do stupid things for a variety of reasons.
- Sometimes they are trying to show off how really clever they are.
- Other times greed, envy, jealousy, or a desire for revenge makes them do stupid stuff.
- Irrational and counter-productive behavior may also have something to do with getting back at someone or some institution, even when doing so is sure to have negative consequences.
- There are those who are so wedded to one way of thinking or doing (or too lazy) they can’t absorb new information; thus, they stupid things because they are unable to adapt to changing conditions.
Perhaps these smart people are making decisions based on emotion when logic and reason would lead them in a better direction.
Or, it could come from being overconfident and disregarding the possibility that they could be wrong, like failing to conduct due diligence before acting.
- Chest pains and won't go to a doctor? In denial? Maybe trying to show he's smarter than some dumb MD??
- Depressed and suicidal but "doesn't believe in all that pseudo-science psychology stuff".
- Caught in a long-term pattern and can't break out, so "never needed a dentist and don't need one now"
- Can't admit he or she might have been wrong. "Got a real deal on this watch; just $100 in cash for a real designer classic timepiece that retails for over $2,000!"
Yipes!!
I asked my AI pal why smart people do stupid things and this was my answer:
I can offer several reasons why smart people sometimes do stupid things.
- Smart people are not immune to emotion. Even the most intelligent people can make decisions based on emotion rather than logic. For example, someone who is feeling angry may say or do something that they later regret.
- Smart people can be overconfident. Sometimes, smart people are so confident in their own abilities that they make decisions without considering all of the possible outcomes. This can lead to them making mistakes.
- Smart people can be lazy. Sometimes, smart people take shortcuts or make decisions without thinking things through carefully. This can lead to them making mistakes.
- Smart people can be influenced by others. Smart people are not immune to the influence of others. They may make decisions based on what they think others want them to do, rather than what they actually believe is the best course of action.
It is important to remember that everyone makes mistakes, regardless of their intelligence. However, smart people are often in positions of power and influence, so their mistakes can have a greater impact on others. It is important for smart people to be aware of their own limitations and to take steps to avoid making stupid decisions.
Friday, September 26, 2025
The Aspiring Autocrat and the Personal Loyalty Oath
The Aspiring Autocrat and the Personal Loyalty Oath
I caught a short segment on the news a while back, showing a group of immigrants becoming Americans by taking the Naturalization Oath of Allegiance. It was very moving and got me thinking about how important these oaths are to those who hope to become autocrats.
Naturalization Oath of Allegiance to the United States of America
"I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I will bear arms on behalf of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform noncombatant service in the Armed Forces of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform work of national importance under civilian direction when required by the law; and that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; so help me God." {Code of Federal Regulations Section 337.1 }
Swearing loyalty to the Constitution and the laws, not to a tyrant
Those who take the oath pledge to support and defend the Constitution and laws of the US. All those who enlist in the armed forces and all federal officials take an oath to uphold the U.S. Constitution before starting their jobs. <https://www.thoughtco.com/oaths-of-office-for-federal-officials-3368324>
It is much the same for all the people who wear the uniform of the United States, including the top brass:
US Military Oath of Enlistment
I, _____, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; and that I will obey the orders of the President of the United States and the orders of the officers appointed over me, according to regulations and the Uniform Code of Military Justice. So help me God.
(Title 10, US Code; Act of 5 May 1960 replacing the wording first adopted in 1789, with amendment effective 5 October 1962).
Tyrants Demand Personal Loyalty
We are very lucky in this country that no one has yet tried to replace the standard oath with a pledge of personal allegiance to the leader. History offers examples of aspiring autocrats who used personal loyalty oaths as a way of gaining power, often by getting control over the generals and admirals who lead the military. This is what happened in Germany in 1934:
Germany 1934
Tuesday, August 5, 2025
Mystery of the Missing Museum
What Happened to the Engineering Museum?
Here is a campus mystery I am unable to solve.
Science Hall is one of the older buildings on the University of Wisconsin–Madison campus. The building now standing on Park Street is the second version.
"Replacing a sandstone-faced, wooden structure that burned on December 1, 1884, Science Hall was completed in December, 1887, and was first occupied by University personnel in January, 1888." <https://geography.wisc.edu/history-of-science-hall/>
An illustration of the new Science Hall building, rebuilt after the fire of 1884.
<https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/AWITQTR5TDGPZ28K>
The building still stands and is still in use, but something is missing. Apparently, there used to be an Engineering Museum in Science Hall.
Apparently the Museum was housed in Science Hall on the basement floor in the northeast corner. In the lower left corner of the floor plan, an area 40' x 40' is clearly labeled "Engineering Museum."
The UW-Madison has plans to renovate Science Hall and looked into the history of the building. According to DFD #20E2A — Science Hall - Advanced Planning Study: Final Report by architects Aro Eberle [Nov 5, 2021] <https://cpd.fpm.wisc.edu/planning/science-hall-advanced-planning-study/>:
Basement / Garden Level
Current Uses: Mix of Nelson Institute and Geography administrative offices and classrooms, office support space, Nelson student lounge, mechanical and utility space, men’s restroom, underground electrical transformer vault, and some Geography administrative offices.
Alterations: This level was originally (1887) used for laboratories, a reading room/museum, restrooms, mechanical, and janitorial.
I found the following in the 1906 “University of Wisconsin Catalogue 1906-1907” on p. 258:
"THE ENGINEERING MUSEUM contains a complete set of Schroeder's models* for descriptive geometry, including shades, shadows, and perspective; also a small collection of Schroeder's kinematic models, besides a number of smaller models, made by students, illustrating problems in kinematics. An excellent industrial collection is in process of development.
"The standards of weight and measure belonging to the state are kept in the civil engineering department, and all official comparisons are made here."
* I looked up Schroeder's models and found an example at <https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/kinematic-curve-models-j-schr%C3%B6der/9AFrdR51bXHTAw>
Entries for the Engineering Museum continued to appear in the catalogues, right up until 1921, then they disappear. What happened to the museum is a mystery.
| 1913–1914 |
| 1920–1921 |
And then the museum seems to have vanished.
What happened to the Engineering Museum?
I was lucky enough to have taught Technical Communication classes for the College of Engineering for 28 years. As part of my work I ran a K-12 Engineering Outreach Program to teach school children about what engineers do and I was a facilitator for Camp Badger Exploring Engineering for many years.
I spent a lot of time explaining what engineers have done and continue to do and I always thought it was a real shame that there is no place to showcase all the incredible accomplishments of Engineering faculty and students.
Once upon a time, there was an Engineering Museum and exhibits, which must be of historical interest by now.
Now it's a mystery and no one seems to know what happened to it.
| A "Museum" in Science Hall around 1900—was this part of the Engineering Museum? <https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/A3MIQIJBGWW2NP8L> |
Sunday, July 13, 2025
My Corner of Brooklyn - Public School 98
My Corner of Brooklyn - Public School 98
Steven B. Zwickel
July, 2025
Whenever someone asks me, (usually after they hear my accent) “Where are you from?” I don’t say, “New York.” I always reply, “Brooklyn.” There’s an important difference between the two, I think.
Nowadays, when you say you are from Brooklyn, people associate it with a trendy, artsy, affluent lifestyle. That does not describe me at all or the place where I grew up.
Sheepshead Bay —above, as it looked 400 years ago |
| Sheepshead Bay —below, in 2025 with streets superimposed. |
The part of Brooklyn I grew up in is the southern end of the borough in a neighborhood called Sheepshead Bay. Until the late 1890s, it was a woody, swampy area crossed by streams and creeks that ran into the Atlantic Ocean.
The Bay opened up to the Rockaway Inlet and Jamaica Bay. It was home to a fishing fleet that served the New York area. Before the opening of the racetrack, it was a working-class neighborhood with a few fish-processing factories and other small businesses.
“The Coney Island Jockey Club,… led by August Belmont, Jr., William R. Travers, and A. Wright Sanford, began carving out their Sheepshead Bay track out of a maple and oak forest. When it opened in June 1880, its judges, W.K. Vanderbilt, J.G. Lawrence and J.H. Bradford were well known horsemen. It immediately became a successful race track and attracted wealthy men who thought of it as their playground. Horsemen like Bet-a-Million Gates, James Buchanan (Diamond Jim) Brady (steel salesman), A.J. Cassatt (railroad baron), Jesse Lewisohn and Abe Hummel were regulars and owned racehorses.” <https://www.westland.net/coneyisland/articles/horseracing.htm>
“The whole stretch of shore on the north side of Sheepshead Bay was bought up by millionaires. They built docks for their yachts, lodges were they could live and entertain, and stables for their horses.”
The racetrack made international news in 1911, when Calbraith “Cal” Rodgers, an inexperienced 32-year-old pilot, made the first transcontinental flight across the United States, flying between Sheepshead Bay and the West Coast in a Wright EX biplane. He carried the first transcontinental mail pouch and was accompanied on the ground by a support crew that repaired and rebuilt the plane after its numerous rough landings and crashes. <https://www.centennialofflight.net/essay/Explorers_Record_Setters_and_Daredevils/Vin_Fiz/EX6.htm>
| 1898 Map of Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn, showing location of the race track and the new P.S. 98 building |
| P.S. 98 in 1908 {NYC Dept of Records & Information Services "boe_75351"} |
The school filled with students almost immediately, and the city issued a bond to cover the cost of “Erecting addition to Public School 98, H. Proust, contractor” on Dec. 9, 1898 for $61,337.00 according to the Brooklyn Times-Union of February 21, 1899. This may refer to the sections of the building to the east and west, which look different from the central building.
There were six classrooms on each floor and a large area in the center of one floor was set up as an auditorium with a raised stage in front of the room. We had “Assembly” every Wednesday morning and boys were expected to wear a white shirt with a tie. The Assembly began with one of the teachers reading the 23rd Psalm to us—I don’t recall hearing anyone complain about religion in the school. When the polio vaccine became available, we reported to the auditorium for injections (Salk vaccine) or for drinking sugary vaccine (Sabin vaccine).
Each classroom had an open closet where we hung our coats and hats and left our snow boots. The desks were wooden and the top was hinged so it could be opened up, providing a place to keep books, pencils, rulers, etc. Students sometimes carved things into the wooden desktops and filled the carvings in with ink so they were visible. If the words were obscene, they went right over my young head. Once, maybe twice a year, the janitor would sand down all the desks and coat them with a thick layer of fresh shellac.
One or two walls had big blackboards—real black and often needing erasing. Every classroom had an American flag and a picture of George Washington. Each morning we recited the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag. The words "under God" were added in 1954 and I think some of the teachers were still getting used to that change.
| Map of Sheepshead Bay showing location of schools—PS 98 and JHS14—with playgrounds cut by path of Jerome Avenue |
One notable student (long before my time) at PS 98 was actress Clara Bow, (1905–1965), born Clara Gordon Bow in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, New York. Bow attended PS 98 in Sheepshead Bay until the eighth grade. Bow rose to stardom during the silent film era of the 1920s and successfully made the transition to "talkies" in 1929. Her appearance as a plucky shopgirl in the film It brought her global fame and the nickname "The It Girl". <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clara_Bow> Bow came to personify the Roaring Twenties and has been called its leading sex symbol. [Stenn, David (2000). Clara Bow: Runnin' Wild]
| 1940 New York City Tax Photo of PS 98 at Ave. Z and E. 27th Street in Brooklyn |
In 1949, the Board of Education decided it was time for a new school to serve the area. On Jan. 25, the Brooklyn Eagle announced that the city would "Break Ground for Sheepshead School Tomorrow" And, on Jan. 27, 1949, the Brooklyn Eagle ran a story called “P.S. 98 Ground-Breaking Launches 49 School Construction Program"
“…The school is to take the place of P. S. 98 and will be known by the same number. It will be located on a square-block site bounded by Nostrand Ave., E. 29th St., Avenue Z and Voorhies Ave. The present school is at Avenue Z and E. 26th St.” The New York Times reported “New Building in Brooklyn Will Cost $1,344,237”.
“Most dramatic example of the change is Sheepshead Bay Houses where a new Public School 98 is under construction and will be completed even before all the housing units are built.
“Early plans, according to Assistant Superintendent of Schools George F. Pigott Jr., were to replace old Public School 98.” {The new school was called PS 52 and it did not replace PS 98 until 1964}
PS 98 continued to be used as a primary school until 1964, when it was leased to Kingsboro Community College. Today the remodeled building is the Yeshiva of Kings Bay.
I remember my grade school teachers at PS 98, but I don’t know all their first names. Children in the 1950s would never think of calling a teacher by his or her first name.
The Principal of PS 98 was Mr. Max J. Weiss, who had an air of authority and a big black mustache. My 1st grade teacher was the amazing Marcia Gross, who had incredible patience. In 2nd grade I had Mrs. Golda Mollie "Geraldine" Goldstein Trubitz (1905 - 1991), who was married to Abraham "Bud" B. Truland Trubitz. (He worked as a model and he can be seen on the box covers of classic versions of Parker Brothers’ Masterpiece & Clue games; he's the sophisticated looking man with white hair and a fancy mustache)
| January, 1960 My 5th Grade Class 5-305 in PS 98 |
| 1961 My 6th Grade Class 6-306 in PS 98 |
I started 6th grade with Mr. Lindenbaum, but I think he left and then we had Mrs. Cherry, who retired in mid-year and we finished 6th grade school with Mrs. Meyers. Size does matter—Mr. Lindenbaum had an 18” long ruler, which made quite an impression on his pupils.
From PS 98, we went on to Shellbank Junior High School 14 for 7th, 8th, and 9th grades. {I admit to being biased—I hated just about everything at Shellbank} The USA was deep into the “Space Race” with the USSR, so we were allowed to apply for an “Enriched Curriculum” in junior high school. {I think they were hoping to turn out smarter Cold Warriors}. Those of us who did well on a standardized exam were allowed to choose between spending 2 years—skipping a year— or a 3-year program in junior high. That’s how I wound up in class 7 SPE-2, but that’s a different story.
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